The decision was announced on Wednesday, following a humiliating 5-0 defeat to rivals Paris Saint-Germain on Sunday.
This heavy loss, which left Marseille 12 points behind PSG, was preceded by a 3-0 defeat to Club Brugge, leading to their Champions League elimination.
De Zerbi joined Marseille in 2024 after two seasons with Brighton, having led them to a second-place finish last season.
The club, which has experienced significant instability since 2016, has not yet named a replacement for De Zerbi.
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