Xi Jinping criticised what he termed "bullying behaviour" from Western nations while outlining a new world order at the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit.
Speaking alongside leaders including Vladimir Putin and Narendra Modi, Xi advocated for a new global security framework and an economic vision to counter US dominance.
He specifically denounced "hegemonism," "power politics," and a "Cold War mentality," in a thinly veiled criticism of the US and its tariff policies.
Xi urged SCO members to establish a development bank to boost mutual investment and offered $1.4bn (£1bn) in loans and grants.