Five common over-the-counter medicines that could be harmful
The potential dangers of over-the-counter medicines
- Many over-the-counter medicines, despite their accessibility, carry significant risks of dependence, misuse, or harm if not used as directed.
- Codeine, an opioid, can lead to tolerance, physical dependence, and withdrawal symptoms, with specific risks for ultra-rapid metabolisers.
- Decongestant nasal sprays can cause rebound congestion and psychological dependence, while pseudoephedrine has stimulant effects and is subject to strict controls.
- Sedating antihistamines like promethazine, used as sleep aids, are linked to rising deaths and can lead to tolerance and severe rebound insomnia.
- Dextromethorphan (DXM), a cough suppressant, is frequently misused for its dissociative effects, and stimulant laxatives can cause dehydration and long-term gut damage when abused.
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